Lucca

The first thing that the visitor claps eyes on is the magnificent and intact circuit of walls, built in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. They run for more than 4 kilometres and are strengthened by no fewer than 10 bastions; you can walk along the top of them too. They are still the best vantage point over the city.

Lucca was built to a medieval plan, and much of its architecture bears witness to the various historical ages that it has lived through. The most notable of these is the Roman amphitheatre – converted into piazza dell’Anfiteatro by architect Lorenzo Nottolini.

One of the city’s other jewels is without a doubt its cathedral, the Duomo di San Martino, whose Romanesque façade is strikingly off-kilter: one of the arches in its portico is smaller than the others, cramped for room by the pre-existing bell tower. Next to the bell tower there is a column on which you find a sculpture of a labyrinth, a symbol of pilgrimage that pops up in other churches along the Via Francigena.
The cathedral is home to the sculpture of the Volto Santo (Holy Countenance) and the beautiful tomb of Ilaria del Carretto, sculpted by Jacopo della Quercia.

As you walk through the city streets, you will also come across the façade of the basilica of San Frediano, and then the piazza and sumptuous church of San Michele. The capitals on the façade of this latter church are sculpted into portraits of Italian heroes, including Garibaldi.

And on a walk through Lucca, the discoveries do not end there. On top of the Guinigi tower – which is open to the public – you will find a little garden, full of trees, and an astonishing panorama over the whole Lucca plain.

Don’t miss the long, narrow Via Fillungo, which contains all the city’s chicest outlets; also make sure you see the rooms of the Palazzo Ducale in Piazza Napoleone. Outside the walls, you will find a beautiful district of Liberty-style villas, just next to the inhabited centre.